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SpringBoot使用Druid连接池 + 配置监控页面(自定义版 + starter版)

2026-11-13 00:42:26 来源：互联网转载

1. Druid连接池的功能

全方位监控、防SQL注入攻击等

2. 自定义版

2.1 pom.xml添加依赖

添加druid连接池的依赖，如下所示：

                    com.alibaba            druid            1.2.15

2.2 MyDataSourceConfig实现

说明如下：

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = “spring.datasource”)注解，将以spring.datasource开头的配置和DataSource类进行绑定，就可以在application.properties对DataSource的属性进行设置了
druidDataSource.setFilters(“stat,wall”)：开启SQL监控、SQL防火墙功能
向IOC容器添加ServletRegistrationBean组件，开启druid监控功能。设置了druid监控的访问页面是/druid/*；也设置了登录监控页面的账号和密码

向IOC容器添加FilterRegistrationBean组件，开启Web应用菜单功能，让druid进行Web应用的统计。设置了统计的Web URL和排除的Web URL

package com.hh.springboottest.config;import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet;import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import javax.sql.DataSource;import java.sql.SQLException;import java.util.Arrays;@Configurationpublic class MyDataSourceConfig {    // 将application.properties中spring.datasource前缀对应的值赋值给DataSource类属性    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")    @Bean    public DataSource dataSource() {        DruidDataSource druidDataSource = new DruidDataSource();        try {            // 开启SQL监控菜单功能，让druid进行SQL的执行统计            // 开启SQL防火墙菜单功能            druidDataSource.setFilters("stat,wall");        } catch (SQLException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return druidDataSource;    }    // 向IOC容器添加ServletRegistrationBean组件，开启druid监控功能    @Bean    public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServlet() {        StatViewServlet statViewServlet = new StatViewServlet();        ServletRegistrationBean servletRegistrationBean =                // druid监控的访问页面是/druid/*                new ServletRegistrationBean(statViewServlet, "/druid/*");        // 开启监控页面的访问登录账号和密码        servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("loginUsername", "druid");        servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("loginPassword", "123456");        return servletRegistrationBean;    }    // 开启Web应用菜单功能，让druid进行Web应用的统计    @Bean    public FilterRegistrationBean webStatFilter() {        WebStatFilter webStatFilter = new WebStatFilter();        FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean =                new FilterRegistrationBean(webStatFilter);        // 设置统计的Web URL        filterRegistrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/*"));        // 设置排除的Web URL        filterRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("exclusions", "*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*");        return filterRegistrationBean;    }}

2.3 application.properties配置

在代码中可以对DataSource进行各种配置参数的set，也可以在application.properties中对durid连接池进行配置，如下所示：

# 最好注释HikariDataSource# spring.datasource.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSourcespring.datasource.filters=stat,wallspring.datasource.max-active=12

编写Controller进行测试

package com.hh.springboottest.myController;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;import javax.sql.DataSource;@Slf4j@RestControllerpublic class HelloController {    @Autowired    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;    @Autowired    DataSource dataSource;    @ResponseBody    @GetMapping("/queryFromDb")    public String queryFromDb() {        Long userCount = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select count(*) from user", Long.class);        // 返回的结果是：数据库连接池类型为class com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource        log.info("数据库连接池类型为{}", dataSource.getClass());        return userCount.toString();    }}

2.4 druid监控页面查看

访问http://localhost:8080/druid/index.html，页面效果如下：

其中数据源菜单在RestController等进行了调用才有结果显示

其中SQL监控页面如下。

SQL监控项上，执行时间、读取行数、更新行数都有区间分布，将耗时分布成8个区间：

耗时0到1毫秒的次数
耗时1到10毫秒的次数
耗时10到100毫秒的次数
耗时100到1000毫秒的次数
耗时1到10秒的次数
耗时10到100秒的次数
耗时100到1000秒的次数

耗时1000秒以上的次数

耗时区间分布提供了“执行+RS时分布”，是将执行时间+ResultSet持有时间合并监控，这个能方便诊断返回行数过多的查询

3. starter版

首先注释上面MyDataSourceConfig的@Configuration注解，或者删除MyDataSourceConfig.java文件。开始进行starter版的开发

3.1 pom.xml添加依赖

添加druid-spring-boot-starter的依赖；和添加spring-boot-starter-aop，用于druid监控页的Spring监控菜单。如下所示：

                    com.alibaba            druid-spring-boot-starter            1.2.15                                    org.springframework.boot            spring-boot-starter-aop

可以看到自动添加了druid、spring-boot-autoconfiguration依赖

3.2 自动配置分析

查看druid-spring-boot-starter-1.2.15.jar的DruidDataSourceAutoConfigure.class，可以看到：

DruidDataSourceAutoConfigure是在DataSourceAutoConfiguration之前添加到IOC容器的，这样就先使用了druid连接池
同时对DruidStatProperties、DataSourceProperties两个配置类进行了绑定
向IOC容器添加了DruidSpringAopConfiguration、DruidStatViewServletConfiguration、DruidWebStatFilterConfiguration.class、DruidFilterConfiguration四个组件

向IOC容器添加了DataSource

package com.alibaba.druid.spring.boot.autoconfigure;......省略部分......@Configuration@ConditionalOnClass({DruidDataSource.class})@AutoConfigureBefore({DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})@EnableConfigurationProperties({DruidStatProperties.class, DataSourceProperties.class})@Import({DruidSpringAopConfiguration.class, DruidStatViewServletConfiguration.class, DruidWebStatFilterConfiguration.class, DruidFilterConfiguration.class})public class DruidDataSourceAutoConfigure {......省略部分......@Bean(        initMethod = "init"    )    @ConditionalOnMissingBean    public DataSource dataSource() {        LOGGER.info("Init DruidDataSource");        return new DruidDataSourceWrapper();    }}

查看DruidStatProperties配置类，druid的配置是由spring.datasource.druid开头的参数进行配置的

......省略部分......@ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.druid")public class DruidStatProperties {......省略部分......}

查看DataSourceProperties配置类，datasource的配置是由spring.datasource开头的参数进行配置的

......省略部分......@ConfigurationProperties(    prefix = "spring.datasource")public class DataSourceProperties implements BeanClassLoaderAware, InitializingBean {......省略部分......}

查看DruidSpringAopConfiguration类，aop相关的是由spring.datasource.druid.aop-patterns参数进行配置的，主要用来监控SpringBean。对应druid监控页面的Spring监控菜单

......省略部分......@ConditionalOnProperty({"spring.datasource.druid.aop-patterns"})public class DruidSpringAopConfiguration {......省略部分......}

查看DruidStatViewServletConfiguration类，如下所示：

statViewServlet相关的是由spring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet.enabled参数进行配置的，默认关闭
向IOC容器添加了ServletRegistrationBean组件
该类主要做了允许哪些IP可以访问监控页面，不允许哪些页面访问监控页面
和设置监控页面的登录账号和密码

和设置重置按钮的开启和关闭

......省略部分......@ConditionalOnWebApplication@ConditionalOnProperty(    name = {"spring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet.enabled"},    havingValue = "true")public class DruidStatViewServletConfiguration {    private static final String DEFAULT_ALLOW_IP = "127.0.0.1";    public DruidStatViewServletConfiguration() {    }    @Bean    public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServletRegistrationBean(DruidStatProperties properties) {        DruidStatProperties.StatViewServlet config = properties.getStatViewServlet();        ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean();        registrationBean.setServlet(new StatViewServlet());        registrationBean.addUrlMappings(new String[]{config.getUrlPattern() != null ? config.getUrlPattern() : "/druid/*"});        if (config.getAllow() != null) {            registrationBean.addInitParameter("allow", config.getAllow());        } else {            registrationBean.addInitParameter("allow", "127.0.0.1");        }        if (config.getDeny() != null) {            registrationBean.addInitParameter("deny", config.getDeny());        }        if (config.getLoginUsername() != null) {            registrationBean.addInitParameter("loginUsername", config.getLoginUsername());        }        if (config.getLoginPassword() != null) {            registrationBean.addInitParameter("loginPassword", config.getLoginPassword());        }        if (config.getResetEnable() != null) {            registrationBean.addInitParameter("resetEnable", config.getResetEnable());        }        return registrationBean;    }}

查看DruidWebStatFilterConfiguration类，如下所示：

WebStatFilter相关的是由spring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter.enabled参数进行配置的，默认关闭
向IOC容器添加了FilterRegistrationBean组件

该类设置了对哪些Web URL进行统计，哪些Web URL不进行统计(比如: “.js,.gif,.jpg,.png,.css,.ico,/druid/*”)

......省略部分......@ConditionalOnWebApplication@ConditionalOnProperty(    name = {"spring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter.enabled"},    havingValue = "true")public class DruidWebStatFilterConfiguration {    public DruidWebStatFilterConfiguration() {    }    @Bean    public FilterRegistrationBean webStatFilterRegistrationBean(DruidStatProperties properties) {        DruidStatProperties.WebStatFilter config = properties.getWebStatFilter();        FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();        WebStatFilter filter = new WebStatFilter();        registrationBean.setFilter(filter);        registrationBean.addUrlPatterns(new String[]{config.getUrlPattern() != null ? config.getUrlPattern() : "/*"});        registrationBean.addInitParameter("exclusions", config.getExclusions() != null ? config.getExclusions() : "*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*");        ......省略部分......    }......省略部分......}

查看DruidFilterConfiguration类，是对所有Druid自己的Filter的配置，比如wall防火墙

......省略部分......public class DruidFilterConfiguration {    private static final String FILTER_STAT_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.stat";    private static final String FILTER_CONFIG_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.config";    private static final String FILTER_ENCODING_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.encoding";    private static final String FILTER_SLF4J_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.slf4j";    private static final String FILTER_LOG4J_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.log4j";    private static final String FILTER_LOG4J2_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.log4j2";    private static final String FILTER_COMMONS_LOG_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.commons-log";    private static final String FILTER_WALL_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.wall";    private static final String FILTER_WALL_CONFIG_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.wall.config";    ......省略部分......}

3.3 使用application.properties对druid进行配置

druid的配置如下所示：

# 配置druid监控功能spring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet.enabled=truespring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet.login-username=druidspring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet.login-password=123456spring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet.reset-enable=false# 开启druid监控页面的sql监控菜单、防火墙菜单spring.datasource.druid.filters=stat,wall,slf4j# 对filters里面的stat的详细配置spring.datasource.druid.filter.stat.enabled=truespring.datasource.druid.filter.stat.log-slow-sql=true# 1秒spring.datasource.druid.filter.stat.slow-sql-millis=1000# 对filters里面的wall的详细配置spring.datasource.druid.filter.wall.enabled=truespring.datasource.druid.filter.wall.config.update-allow=truespring.datasource.druid.filter.wall.config.drop-table-allow=false# 配置Web应用菜单功能spring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter.enabled=truespring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter.url-pattern=/*spring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter.exclusions=*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*# 监控指定路径下的SpringBean。用于Spring监控菜单spring.datasource.druid.aop-patterns=com.hh.springboottest.*

3.4 druid配置参考

连接池配置

spring.datasource.druid.initial-size=spring.datasource.druid.max-active=spring.datasource.druid.min-idle=spring.datasource.druid.max-wait=spring.datasource.druid.pool-prepared-statements=spring.datasource.druid.max-pool-prepared-statement-per-connection-size= # 和上面的等价spring.datasource.druid.max-open-prepared-statements=spring.datasource.druid.validation-query=spring.datasource.druid.validation-query-timeout=spring.datasource.druid.test-on-borrow=spring.datasource.druid.test-on-return=spring.datasource.druid.test-while-idle=spring.datasource.druid.time-between-eviction-runs-millis=spring.datasource.druid.min-evictable-idle-time-millis=spring.datasource.druid.max-evictable-idle-time-millis=# 配置多个英文逗号分隔spring.datasource.druid.filters=

监控配置

 # WebStatFilter配置，说明请参考Druid Wiki，配置_配置WebStatFilter # 是否启用StatFilter，默认值falsespring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter.enabled=spring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter.url-pattern=spring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter.exclusions=spring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter.session-stat-enable=spring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter.session-stat-max-count=spring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter.principal-session-name=spring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter.principal-cookie-name=spring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter.profile-enable= # StatViewServlet配置，说明请参考Druid Wiki，配置_StatViewServlet配置 # 是否启用StatViewServlet(监控页面)，默认值为false(考虑到安全问题默认并未启动，如需启用建议设置密码或白名单以保障安全)spring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet.enabled=spring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet.url-pattern=spring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet.reset-enable=spring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet.login-username=spring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet.login-password=spring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet.allow=spring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet.deny= # Spring监控配置，说明请参考Druid Github Wiki，配置_Druid和Spring关联监控配置 # Spring监控AOP切入点，如x.y.z.service.*, 配置多个英文逗号分隔spring.datasource.druid.aop-patterns=

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