mac python下载安装教程,python在mac上怎么下载

这篇文章主要介绍了mac python下载安装教程，具有一定借鉴价值，需要的朋友可以参考下。希望大家阅读完这篇文章后大有收获，下面让小编带着大家一起了解一下。

Mac 安装 Python2、Python3 。

零、基础准备

• 官网
  • https://www.python.org/
• 下载入口
  • https://www.python.org/downloads/
  • https://www.python.org/downloads/macos/

  一、安装包下载及安装

  安装包下载的页面路径是：官网>>> Downloads>>> macOS
  

  其他平台根据请自己的实际情况选择

  安装包下载的页面路径也可以是：官网>>> Downloads(点击)
  

  进入到版本选择页面
  

  最上面是最新的 Release 版本，分别是2.x的最新版本和3.x的最新版python怎么画拱形。

  可以下载最新的 Release 版本进行安装，也可以通过搜索选择自己想要的版本进行安装。

  通过搜索找到「2.7.16」
  

  通过搜索找到「3.9.9」
  

  强烈推荐下载最新的 Release 版进行安装
  

  点击对应的链接分别下载即可(下载的过程中注意操作系统的架构和位数)。
  

  下载「2.7.18」

  下载「3.10.6」

  下载好的安装包

  使用下载好的安装包一直「下一步」即可安装对应版本的 python。

  二、安装确认

  1、Python2

  • 查看版本号

    $ python -VPython 2.7.18

    • 帮助命令

      $ python -husage: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Resources/Python.app/Contents/MacOS/Python [option] ... [-c cmd | -m mod | file | -] [arg] ...Options and arguments (and corresponding environment variables):-b     : issue warnings about comparing bytearray with unicode         (-bb: issue errors)-B     : don't write .py[co] files on import; also PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=x-c cmd : program passed in as string (terminates option list)-d     : debug output from parser; also PYTHONDEBUG=x-E     : ignore PYTHON* environment variables (such as PYTHONPATH)-h     : print this help message and exit (also --help)-i     : inspect interactively after running ; forces a prompt even         if stdin does not appear to be a terminal; also PYTHONINSPECT=x-m mod : run library module as a  (terminates option list)-O     : optimize generated bytecode slightly; also PYTHONOPTIMIZE=x-OO    : remove doc-strings in addition to the -O optimizations-R     : use a pseudo-random salt to make hash() values of various types be         unpredictable between separate invocations of the interpreter, as         a defense against denial-of-service attacks-Q arg : pision options: -Qold (default), -Qwarn, -Qwarnall, -Qnew-s     : don't add user site directory to sys.path; also PYTHONNOUSERSITE-S     : don't imply 'import site' on initialization-t     : issue warnings about inconsistent tab usage (-tt: issue errors)-u     : unbuffered binary stdout and stderr; also PYTHONUNBUFFERED=x         see man page for details on internal buffering relating to '-u'-v     : verbose (trace import statements); also PYTHONVERBOSE=x         can be supplied multiple times to increase verbosity-V     : print the Python version number and exit (also --version)-W arg : warning control; arg is action:message:category:module:lineno         also PYTHONWARNINGS=arg-x     : skip first line of source, allowing use of non-Unix forms of #!cmd-3     : warn about Python 3.x incompatibilities that 2to3 cannot trivially fixfile   : program read from  file-      : program read from stdin (default; interactive mode if a tty)arg ...: arguments passed to program in sys.argv[1:]Other environment variables:PYTHONSTARTUP: file executed on interactive startup (no default)PYTHONPATH   : ':'-separated list of directories prefixed to the               default module search path.  The result is sys.path.PYTHONHOME   : alternate 
       directory (or 
      :).               The default module search path uses 
      /pythonX.X.PYTHONCASEOK : ignore case in 'import' statements (Windows).PYTHONIOENCODING: Encoding[:errors] used for stdin/stdout/stderr.PYTHONHASHSEED: if this variable is set to 'random', the effect is the same   as specifying the -R option: a random value is used to seed the hashes of   str, bytes and datetime objects.  It can also be set to an integer   in the range [0,4294967295] to get hash values with a predictable seed.
        
      2、Python3
        

      • 查看版本号

        $ python3 -VPython 3.10.6

        • 帮助命令

          $ python3 -husage: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/bin/python3 [option] ... [-c cmd | -m mod | file | -] [arg] ...Options and arguments (and corresponding environment variables):-b     : issue warnings about str(bytes_instance), str(bytearray_instance)         and comparing bytes/bytearray with str. (-bb: issue errors)-B     : don't write .pyc files on import; also PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=x-c cmd : program passed in as string (terminates option list)-d     : turn on parser debugging output (for experts only, only works on         debug builds); also PYTHONDEBUG=x-E     : ignore PYTHON* environment variables (such as PYTHONPATH)-h     : print this help message and exit (also -? or --help)-i     : inspect interactively after running ; forces a prompt even         if stdin does not appear to be a terminal; also PYTHONINSPECT=x-I     : isolate Python from the user's environment (implies -E and -s)-m mod : run library module as a  (terminates option list)-O     : remove assert and __debug__-dependent statements; add .opt-1 before         .pyc extension; also PYTHONOPTIMIZE=x-OO    : do -O changes and also discard docstrings; add .opt-2 before         .pyc extension-q     : don't print version and copyright messages on interactive startup-s     : don't add user site directory to sys.path; also PYTHONNOUSERSITE-S     : don't imply 'import site' on initialization-u     : force the stdout and stderr streams to be unbuffered;         this option has no effect on stdin; also PYTHONUNBUFFERED=x-v     : verbose (trace import statements); also PYTHONVERBOSE=x         can be supplied multiple times to increase verbosity-V     : print the Python version number and exit (also --version)         when given twice, print more information about the build-W arg : warning control; arg is action:message:category:module:lineno         also PYTHONWARNINGS=arg-x     : skip first line of source, allowing use of non-Unix forms of #!cmd-X opt : set implementation-specific option. The following options are available:         -X faulthandler: enable faulthandler         -X showrefcount: output the total reference count and number of used             memory blocks when the program finishes or after each statement in the             interactive interpreter. This only works on debug builds         -X tracemalloc: start tracing Python memory allocations using the             tracemalloc module. By default, only the most recent frame is stored in a             traceback of a trace. Use -X tracemalloc=NFRAME to start tracing with a             traceback limit of NFRAME frames         -X importtime: show how long each import takes. It shows module name,             cumulative time (including nested imports) and self time (excluding             nested imports). Note that its output may be broken in multi-threaded             application. Typical usage is python3 -X importtime -c 'import asyncio'         -X dev: enable CPython's "development mode", introducing additional runtime             checks which are too expensive to be enabled by default. Effect of the             developer mode:                * Add default warning filter, as -W default                * Install debug hooks on memory allocators: see the PyMem_SetupDebugHooks()                  C function                * Enable the faulthandler module to dump the Python traceback on a crash                * Enable asyncio debug mode                * Set the dev_mode attribute of sys.flags to True                * io.IOBase destructor logs close() exceptions         -X utf8: enable UTF-8 mode for operating system interfaces, overriding the default             locale-aware mode. -X utf8=0 explicitly disables UTF-8 mode (even when it would             otherwise activate automatically)         -X pycache_prefix=PATH: enable writing .pyc files to a parallel tree rooted at the             given directory instead of to the code tree         -X warn_default_encoding: enable opt-in EncodingWarning for 'encoding=None'--check-hash-based-pycs always|default|never:    control how Python invalidates hash-based .pyc filesfile   : program read from  file-      : program read from stdin (default; interactive mode if a tty)arg ...: arguments passed to program in sys.argv[1:]Other environment variables:PYTHONSTARTUP: file executed on interactive startup (no default)PYTHONPATH   : ':'-separated list of directories prefixed to the               default module search path.  The result is sys.path.PYTHONHOME   : alternate 
           directory (or 
          :).               The default module search path uses 
          /lib/pythonX.X.PYTHONPLATLIBDIR : override sys.platlibdir.PYTHONCASEOK : ignore case in 'import' statements (Windows).PYTHONUTF8: if set to 1, enable the UTF-8 mode.PYTHONIOENCODING: Encoding[:errors] used for stdin/stdout/stderr.PYTHONFAULTHANDLER: dump the Python traceback on fatal errors.PYTHONHASHSEED: if this variable is set to 'random', a random value is used   to seed the hashes of str and bytes objects.  It can also be set to an   integer in the range [0,4294967295] to get hash values with a   predictable seed.PYTHONMALLOC: set the Python memory allocators and/or install debug hooks   on Python memory allocators. Use PYTHONMALLOC=debug to install debug   hooks.PYTHONCOERCECLOCALE: if this variable is set to 0, it disables the locale   coercion behavior. Use PYTHONCOERCECLOCALE=warn to request display of   locale coercion and locale compatibility warnings on stderr.PYTHONBREAKPOINT: if this variable is set to 0, it disables the default   debugger. It can be set to the callable of your debugger of choice.PYTHONDEVMODE: enable the development mode.PYTHONPYCACHEPREFIX: root directory for bytecode cache (pyc) files.PYTHONWARNDEFAULTENCODING: enable opt-in EncodingWarning for 'encoding=None'.
            
          三、其他
            
          除了使用python、python3命令来调用对应版本的 python 外，还可以使用如下的命令来调用对应版本的 python。
            
          $ python2 -VPython 2.7.18$ python2.7 -VPython 2.7.18$ python3.10 -VPython 3.10.6
            
          这些都可以可以在 /usr/local/bin 这个目录下看到相关命令对应的「软连接」。
            
          $ pwd/usr/local/bin$ ls -l | grep pythonpython -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/pythonpython-config -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python-configpython2 -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python2python2-config -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python2-configpython2.7 -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python2.7python2.7-config -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python2.7-configpython3 -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/bin/python3python3-config -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/bin/python3-configpython3-intel64 -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/bin/python3-intel64python3.10 -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/bin/python3.10python3.10-config -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/bin/python3.10-configpython3.10-intel64 -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/bin/python3.10-intel64pythonw -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/pythonwpythonw2 -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/pythonw2pythonw2.7 -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/pythonw2.7
            
          PS：python2和python3的兼容性一直被广大开发者诟病。